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[Amphibians] Taxonomy Index Taxonomy Index

Frog

  Figures   1: Cyon, Elie de (1876); 2: Marey, E. J. (1876); 3: Zimmermann, E. (1937); 4: Marey, E. J. (1876);
 
Description Source Text

With exception of a few, they can be characterized as sociable animals, for most of them congregate at the same places; however they never band together (...) each one of them lives on his own without taking the other ones into account.

The male assumes an extraordinary ammount of the reproductive process, not just merely as the one that fecundates the eggs but also as obstetrician and as caretaker.

The batrachians are, albeit the exceptions that could be found, vivacious, blithesome creatures, which tough counting primarily as nocturnal animals, unfold their activities to some extent during the day as well, a fact that could not be observed by any other animal under their class.

Of all the amphibians, the tree-frog lays justly on the top. Even though it is not the color-prettiest, it is indeed the most versatile and gracious of the kind. And because of these qualities, it has gained the love of people at such a level that some of them are made into pets.
  Source: Brehm, Alfred Edmund. 1869. Illustrirtes Thierleben: eine allgemeine Kunde des Thierreichs. Fünfter Band. Dritte Abtheilung: Kriechtiere. view the source
  Related Documents   Skramlik, [1939]. Der Salzfrosch
Skramlik [1938]. Die Tätigkeitsweise des Froschmagens
Skramlik [1920]. Tierische "Hypnose"
Trendelenburg [n.d.]. Reflexe an Kaltblütern 
  Sites   Institute of Physiology (Hallerianum), University of Bern (1928)
Physiological Institute, University of Turin (1894)
Department of Physiology, University of Leeds (1928)
Physiological Institute, University of Marburg (1887)
Biological Bulding, McGill University (1926)
Physiological Institute, University of Berlin (1886)
Physiological Institute, University of Strasbourg (1885)
Department of Physiology, Cambridge University (1925)
Physiological Institute, University of Würzburg (1892)
Physiological Institute, University of Groningen (1925)
Physiological Institute, University of Budapest (1882)
Physiological Institute, University of Berlin (1882)
Physiological Institute, University of Heidelberg (1858)
Physiological Institute, University of Leipzig (1909)
Physiological Institute, University of Heidelberg (1883)
Physiological Institute, University of Budapest (1877)
Physiological Laboratory, Utrecht University (1872)
Physiological Institute, University of Berlin (1890)
Physiological Institute, University of Budapest (1880)
Department of Physiology, University of Rochester (1927)
Institute of Physiology, University of Copenhagen (1930)
Department of Physiology, University of Michigan (1930)
Department of Physiology, Western Reserve University (1925)
Physiological Laboratory, University of Amsterdam (1932)
Institute of Physiology, University of Louvain (1927)
Institute of Physiology and General Pathology, University of Debrecen (1928)
Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania (1926)
Institute of Physiology, University of Marburg (1890)
Psychologal Laboratory, Harvard University (1906)
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Manitoba (1928)
Department of Physiology, Peking Union Medical College (1926)
Institute of Physiology, University of Concepción (1928)
Department of Physiology, University of Cape Town (1930)
Institute of Physiology, University of Belgrade (1930)
  Instruments   Frog gun according to du Bois-Reymond (1876)
Device for the stimulation of the frog's spinal cord (1891)
Frog heart manometer according to Kronecker (1891)
Böhm's frog's heart apparatus (1928)
Frog casing according to Boehm (1928)
  Experiments   Propagation speed of nervous stimulation (I) (1850)
Propagation speed of nervous stimulation (II/1) (1850)
Propagation speed of nervous stimulation (II/2) (1852)
Investigations into animal electricity I (1848-84)
Effects of nicotine and muscarine in the isolated frog heart (1870)
Fatigue studies in the isolated frog heart (1872)
Investigations into animal electricity II (1848-1884)
  Further Reading:   - Ellis, Fred W. 1885. Plethysmographic and Vaso-Motor Experiments with Frogs [From the Journal of Physiology, Vol. VI, No. 6, Offprint]. In: Physiological Laboratory Harvard Medical School. Collected Papers II 1880-1886, 437-459. Boston
- Du Bois-Reymond, Emil. 1843. Vorläufiger Abriss einer Untersuchung über den sogenannten Froschstrom und über die elektromotorischen Fische. Annalen der Physik und Chemie 58: 1-30
- Helmholtz, Hermann von. 1850. Ueber die Fortpflanzungsgeschwindigkeit der Nervenreizung. Annalen der Physik und Chemie 79: 329-330
- Meyer, Max. 1904. R. M. Yerkes: The Instincts, Habits, and Reactions of the Frog. Psychol. Rev. Monogr. Suppl. 4, Harvard Psych. Studies 1, 579-638. 1903. Zeitschrift für Psychologie und Physiologie der Sinnesorgane 35: 319-320
- Laquer, Fritz. 1914-15. Über die Bildung von Milchsäure und Phosphorsäure im Froschmuskel, I. Mitteilung. Zeitschrift für Physiologische Chemie 93: 60-83
 
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